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大豆科学  2015 

套作大豆高产优质育种的灰色关联分析

DOI: 10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2015.04.0565, PP. 565-570

Keywords: 大豆,套作,种质资源,灰色关联,高产育种,优质育种

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Abstract:

通过模拟“玉米-大豆”带状套作,采用灰色关联分析法分别分析了高产材料(≥1500kg.hm-2)的产量、高蛋白材料(≥50%)的蛋白质含量、高脂肪材料(≥20%)的脂肪含量与农艺性状的相关性。结果表明:3种类型大豆材料中,有6个农艺性状的变异系数都大于10%,特别是高脂肪材料的底荚高、分枝数和单株荚数的变异系数均大于30%,说明通过农艺性状的选择,提高大豆产量、蛋白质含量和脂肪含量的潜力较大。套作下高产材料、高蛋白材料和高脂肪材料与农艺性状的关联顺序分别为:生育期>株高>分枝数>底荚高>单株荚数>百粒重>主茎节数;生育期>主茎节数>株高>底荚高>分枝数>百粒重>单株荚数;生育期>底荚高>百粒重>株高>主茎节数>分枝数>单株荚数。套作下,高产材料的产量与蛋白质含量呈极显著正相关(r=0.873**),与脂肪含量呈显著负相关(r=-0.709*);高蛋白材料的产量与蛋白质含量、高脂肪材料的产量与脂肪含量相关均不显著。以上结果表明,选择生育期长的品种可提高套作大豆产量、蛋白质及脂肪含量;选择分枝数、单株荚数较多和株高适中的品种可以同时提高套作大豆产量与蛋白质含量;加强对底荚高和百粒重的选择有望提高套作大豆脂肪含量。

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