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大豆科学  2015 

氮素后移施肥对大豆产量及品质的影响

DOI: 10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2015.01.0168, PP. 168-171

Keywords: 氮素后移,施肥,大豆,产量,品质

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Abstract:

在保持磷钾肥不变的前提下,控制氮肥总量,将适量的氮肥用作基肥和种肥,其余氮肥后移分期施用研究氮肥对大豆产量及品质含量的影响。结果表明:大豆氮肥后移分期施用增产效果显著,不同处理间差异达到了极显著水平,以N6处理(纯N量种肥15kg?hm-2、始花期追氮30kg?hm-2、始花期喷氮7.5kg?hm-2及鼓粒期喷氮7.5kg?hm-2)产量最高,产量为3285.71kg?hm-2。大豆始花期追施氮肥的增产作用大于始花期、鼓粒期喷施氮肥,始花期和鼓粒期分期喷施氮肥增产效果好于始花期一次性喷施。氮肥后移分期施用对大豆的油分与蛋白质含量有较明显的影响。充足的底肥或种肥氮有利于提高大豆油分含量,而氮肥后移施用明显降低了油分含量,随着始花期追施氮肥量的增加,大豆油分含量呈递减趋势;对大豆的蛋白质含量影响作用与油分正好相反,氮肥后移分期施用使蛋白质含量显著提高,幅度为0.3733%~1.3233%;氮肥后移施用对大豆籽粒蛋脂总和的影响与蛋白质的变化趋势一致。

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