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面向多受灾点多出口应急疏散的动态控制流算法研究

DOI: 10.13577/j.jnd.2014.0503, PP. 19-28

Keywords: 应急疏散,人群聚集场所,优先顺序,动态控制,算法

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Abstract:

针对突发灾害事件发生时大型人群聚集场所的受灾特点,以所有人员全部疏散完毕的时间最小为目标,研究了受灾点有优先顺序和疏散路线及节点有容量限制下的多受灾点多出口应急疏散问题。基于疏散路段流量尽可能充分利用的思想,提出了一种动态控制流算法,该算法将应急疏散问题划分成两个阶段。第一阶段引入饱和流量和实际流量的概念,计算出每个受灾点的最优短路集合及实际流量;第二阶段对各受灾点同时进行动态疏散,在疏散过程中记录每条路段的实时流量,按照受灾点的优先顺序实时地处理流量冲突,使得冲突路段的流量都能够被充分利用,从而得出满意的疏散方案。最后,采用数值算例验证了动态控制流算法的有效性和可行性。

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