Had jisoph ocleous G V,Proulx G,liu Q.Occupant Evacuation Model for Apartment and Office Buildings[R].Canada:Institute for Research in Construction,1997.
[3]
John L Bryan.Human behaviour in fire[C]//the development and maturity of a scholarly study area.Human Behaviour in Fire Proceedings of the First International Symposium,University of Ulster,Northern Ireland,31 August 1998 to 2 September 1998.
Jojo S,Li M,Chow W K.Numerical studies on performance evaluation of tunnel ventilation safety systems[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2003,18:435-452.
Gwynne S,Galea E R,Owen M,et al. A review of the methodologies used in evacuation modeling[J].Fire and Materials,1999,23(6):383-388.
[9]
Bendelius A G.Tunnel fire and life safety with in the world road association(PIARC)[J].Tunn elling and Underground Space Technology,2002 (17):159-161.
[10]
Barth U.Managerial and technical aspects of tunnel safety regarding normal and emergency mode[C]//International Conference Tunnel Safety and Ventilation,Graz,Austria,Proceeding,April 8-10,2002.
[11]
Hartell G E.Engineering analysis of hazards to life safety in fires:the fire effluent toxicity component[J].Safety Science,2001,38(2):147-155.
[12]
McGrattan K B,Baum H R,Rehm R G,et al. Fire Dynamics Smiulator(Version 3),Technical Reference Guide[Z].London:NIST,2002:67-83.
[13]
日本建筑省.建筑物综合防火设计[M].孙金香,高伟,译.天津:天津科技翻译出版社公司,1994.
[14]
Michael M,Kostreva,Laura C.A Com parison of Two Methodologies in HA ZARD Fire Egress Analysis[J].Fire and Material,s1999,23.
[15]
RITA F.EXIT 89-An Evacuation Model for High-Rise Buildings-Model Description and Example Applications[M].Fire Analysis and Research Division.National Fire Protection Association.
[16]
Lo S M,Fang Z.A Spatial-Grid Evacuation Model for Buildings[J].Journal of Fire Science,2000,18(5):376-394.
