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建筑物在减轻城市洪涝灾害中的作用分析

DOI: 10.13577/j.jnd.2015.0508, PP. 68-74

Keywords: 建筑物,城市洪涝灾害,情景模拟,防治措施

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Abstract:

城市洪涝的频发引发了城市管理者和城市规划学者的广泛关注和思考。然而,目前流行的低冲击开发技术(LID)、最佳城市管理措施(BMPs)等工程措施与我国紧张的城市建设用地现状形成了一定的矛盾。占据大面积城市区域的建筑物对洪涝过程产生了重要的影响。因而,在构建好的城市洪涝模拟模型的基础上,设计了6种情景,选取多个积水过程指标来定量化地对比分析了建筑物对于城市洪涝过程的影响。分析结果表明,建筑物的存在以及屋顶排水系统能够有效地延缓积水发生,降低积水最大深度和体积,并缩短积水持续时间。然而建设屋顶排水系统的收益呈倒"U"型分布。最后依据分析结论,从建筑规划角度出发,对减轻城市洪涝灾害提出了对应的措施。

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