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北非Sahel地区夏季降水异常对华北平原旱涝指示意义

DOI: 10.13577/j.jnd.2015.0506, PP. 47-56

Keywords: 降水,旱涝变化,时空格局,Sahel地区,华北平原

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Abstract:

利用NECP/NCAR再分析和气象站点实测降水资料,辅以分段线性回归、趋势分析及相关分析方法,分析了近54a华北平原和Sahel地区的降水变化特征,探讨了Sahel地区夏季降水异常对华北平原旱涝变化的指示意义。结果表明:(1)华北平原与Sahel地区夏季降水异常相关性存在空间差异,显著相关区域位于800mm等降水线以北的地区,淮河平原的相关性较弱;(2)华北平原与Sahel地区降水关系既有稳定性,又存在明显的年代际变化特征。20世纪70年代中期和90年代末为相关性变化的重要转折点,这与NAO,PDO和东亚季风以及青藏高原积雪突变时间一致;(3)地形因素、城市因素对降水相关性影响较弱。在省域尺度上,山东省正相关特征最为突出,表现为全区一致性;京津冀平原区表现为显著正相关,河南省则以负相关为主,江苏、安徽表现为不显著负相关;(4)Sahel中区对黄河下游旱涝具有正向指示意义,Sahel东区对海河平原旱涝具有负向指示意义。

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