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基于遥感与GIS的浙江省洪涝灾害综合风险评估研究

DOI: 10.13577/j.jnd.2015.0414, PP. 111-119

Keywords: 洪涝灾害,风险评估,空间分析,GIS

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Abstract:

洪涝灾害是全球发生频繁、危害严重的气象灾害之一,洪涝灾害风险评估对防灾减灾具有十分重要的意义。基于历史长时间序列的遥感数据、格网化的地理背景数据、空间化的社会经济数据等,利用GIS空间分析与功能,从洪涝灾害的危险性、暴露性、脆弱性及防灾减灾能力等4方面,构建了洪涝灾害风险评估模型,对浙江省洪涝灾害进行了风险评估。结果表明:其较高风险区主要有浙南温黄平原、浙东宁绍平原、浙北杭嘉湖平原及浙西金衢盆地,中等风险区主要分布于浙南温黄平原西侧、浙东宁绍平原和浙北杭嘉湖平原陆侧及浙西部分地区,其他地区则均为较低和低风险区域。而从行政区域分布来看,浙江省洪涝灾害较高风险以上区域主要为温州市域大部分地区、台州市南部地区、嘉兴市、湖州市区、衢州市区、兰溪市、龙游县和开化县:中等洪涝灾害风险区为:德清县、余姚市、上虞市、宁海县、三门县、淳安县、常山县、金华市区、江山市、龙泉市、青田县和玉环县:其余县(市)具有较低以下的洪涝灾害风险。

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