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利用长时间序列Landsat分析博斯腾湖面积变化

DOI: 10.11834/jig.20150815

Keywords: 博斯腾湖,Landsat,遥感监测,湖面变化

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Abstract:

目的近年来博斯腾湖面积波动较大,影响当地经济发展,掌握博斯腾湖面积变化及其与气候变化的相关规律,以指导湖泊保护和可持续利用管理策略。方法利用Landsat影像计算1988―2014年博斯腾湖面积,监测并分析湖水面积年际变化及空间变化趋势,探讨博斯腾湖流域年降水量、年均气温变化和人类活动对湖水面积的影响,并将监测结果与MODIS数据计算的2000―2014年湖水面积以及1987―2011年实测水位数据进行对比验证。结果结果表明,以2002年为分界线,博斯腾湖面积变化分2个阶段:1)1988―2002年,湖水面积呈增加趋势,增加288.88km2,增长了31.62%;2)2002―2014年呈减小趋势,减小281.56km2,减少了23.42%。根据气候条件分布差异,将博斯腾湖流域分为山区和平原区,分析发现:1988―2002年,山区年降水量和气温上升,与湖水面积呈显著正相关;2002年后,山区年降水量相对下降,平原区气温升高,人类活动用水量增加。结论湖水面积变化受流域气候与人类活动共同作用,1988―2002年主要受山区气候影响,2002年后湖水面积缩小可能是气温升高和人类活动用水量增加导致。

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