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草业学报  2009 

我国9种披碱草属植物的系统学关系

, PP. 74-85

Keywords: 披碱草属,形态学,等位酶,微卫星,亲缘关系

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Abstract:

采用单一遗传标记研究不同分类群之间的亲缘关系,由此可产生不同系统发育关系,对正确解释不同类群之间的亲缘关系带来很多困难。本试验采用形态学、等位酶和微卫星3种遗传标记对我国9种披碱草属植物的亲缘关系进行分析,结果表明,形态学标记把9种披碱草分为披碱草组(Sect.Turczaninovia(Nevski)Tzvel.)和老芒麦组(Sect.Elymus)两大类;等位酶标记虽然没有严格按照穗子的形状分为2组(披碱草组和老芒麦组),但同一组内或相同的基因组构成具有较近的亲缘关系;微卫星标记没有把9种披碱草分成几个明显的组,且各种间表现出较远的亲缘关系。3种遗传标记之间均表现出显著的相关关系,不同标记反映的亲缘关系与种本身之间,形态学标记的遗传关系支持基于形态特征分类系统而与种本身的亲缘关系更加相符(R=0.3276,P<0.01),其次是等位酶标记(R=0.3006,P<0.01),微卫星偏离相对较远(R=0.1350,P<0.05)。因此认为形态学是最直接、最能反映披碱草属植物本身特点的标记方法,但要考虑指标之间的线性化,并非越多越好;等位酶分析是一种研究种群内部遗传结构和变异比较好的方法,也是种、种群间遗传关系有价值的预测者;尽管SSR在属或种间分析不是最适用的,但由于SSR是最多态的标记,对种内分析非常适合。

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