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草业学报  2009 

添加乙醇对象草青贮发酵品质的影响

, PP. 52-59

Keywords: 乙醇,象草,青贮,发酵品质

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Abstract:

本试验研究了不同添加水平的乙醇对象草青贮发酵品质的影响。乙醇的添加比例分别为0,1.5%,2.5%,3.5%和4.5%(占鲜重的比例)。在青贮后的第1,3,5,7,14和30天打开青贮罐,测定青贮饲料发酵品质的动态变化。试验结果表明,乙醇抑制了好氧性微生物对蛋白质的分解,在青贮过程中,各添加处理青贮饲料的氨态氮/总氮低于(P>0.05)或显著低于(P<0.05)对照处理。最初3d乙醇处理的pH值下降速度较对照慢,3d后pH值下降幅度较大。随着青贮发酵的进行青贮饲料的乳酸含量呈增加趋势,第7天左右达到最大值,而且30d后乙醇处理的乳酸含量均高于对照。在发酵的开始阶段,青贮饲料的水溶性碳水化合物含量下降较快,添加乙醇后青贮饲料的水溶性碳水化合物利用效率比对照高,发酵30d后各添加处理的水溶性碳水化合物含量均高于对照。在第1和14天乙醇添加处理的青贮饲料乙酸含量显著(P<0.05)低于对照,但各处理间含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。在象草青贮中添加乙醇能抑制发酵初期好氧性微生物对蛋白质和水溶性碳水化合物的利用,减少发酵过程中的损失,为乳酸菌发酵提供更多的发酵底物,产生更多的乳酸,从而提高象草的青贮发酵品质。

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