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草业学报  2010 

黑河中游干旱荒漠地面节肢动物群落季节变异规律

, PP. 161-169

Keywords: 黑河中游,干旱荒漠生态系统,地面节肢动物,功能群,季节变异

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Abstract:

地面节肢动物是荒漠地下生态系统的重要组分之一,在维持荒漠生态系统的结构与功能方面起着关键作用。但至今尚缺乏对西北内陆干旱荒漠区地面节肢动物群落及关键功能群季节变异规律的研究。以黑河中游典型干旱荒漠生态系统为研究对象,采用国际通用的陷阱捕获法,在6月上旬和9月中旬2个典型时期对地面节肢动物群落进行了系统调查,并利用NMDS排序法定量分析研究了节肢动物群落的季节变异规律。主要结果为,1)研究发现,拟步甲科动物是干旱荒漠生态系统地面节肢动物群落最重要的组分之一。2)NMDS排序分析解析了荒漠地面节肢动物群落分布的季节变异特征,主要体现在3个方面:一是春季地面节肢动物群落的个体数量、生物量和类群丰富度显著高于秋季;二是腐屑食性的拟步甲科、植食性的长蝽科、蝗总科和捕食性的球蛛科动物的主要活动期在春季,而杂食性的蚁科、捕食性的蟹蛛科和步甲科及植食性的象甲科的主要活动期在秋季;三是春季捕食性类群与杂食性和腐屑食性类群的比值要比秋季高得多。

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