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草业学报  2014 

当归新病害——炭疽病病原鉴定及发病规律研究

DOI: 10.11686/cyxb20140632, PP. 266-273

Keywords: 当归,炭疽病,病原鉴定

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Abstract:

2012年至2013年在甘肃省各当归主产区发现的一种疑似当归炭疽病的病害,该病害主要危害植株茎秆。发病初期先在植株外部茎秆上出现浅褐色病斑,随后病斑逐渐扩大,形成深褐色长条形病斑,叶片变黄枯死,茎秆从外向内逐渐干枯死亡,后期在病斑上出现黑色小颗粒(分生孢子盘),最后整株枯死。通过病菌形态学鉴定、ITS基因序列分析以及致病性测定,已确定该病害是由束状炭疽菌危害引起的当归炭疽病。本研究系首次报道。经过室内盆栽接种试验表明,针刺、灌根和喷雾接种均能发病,以针刺发病最重,其次为灌根处理,喷雾接种最轻,表明病菌通过伤口、根部以及地上部分均可侵入;此病一般在6月中、下旬开始发生,8月下旬到9月上旬达到发病高峰,田间发病率、病情指数与气温和相对湿度存在极显著的正相关,即温度高、湿度大有利于病害发生,且湿度的影响大于温度影响。本研究为当归炭疽病的防治提供了依据。

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