Huang C B, Guo S L, Li H B. Determination and analysis of heavy metal elements in plant of bryophytes in Jinhua Suburb,Zhejiang Province[J].Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University,2004, 22(3): 76-80.
Feder N, O’Brien T P.Plant microtechnique:some principles and new methods[J].American Journal of Botany,1968, 55(1): 123-142.
[4]
Xu L Y, Hu S Y.Epoxy thick sections stained[J].Chinese Bulletin of Botany,1986, 4(1-2): 108-110.
[5]
Dhindsa R S, Dhindsa P P, Thorpe T A.Leaf senescence: correlated with increased leaves of membrane permeability and lipid peroxidation,and decreased levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,1981, 32: 93-101.
[6]
Giannopolities C N, Ries S K.Superoxide dismutase:I.Occurrence in higher plants[J].Plant Physiology,1977, 59: 309-314.
[7]
Wang J Y, Ao H, Zhang J,et al.Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Test Technology and Principle[M].Harbin: Northeast Forestry University Press, 2003.
[8]
Chance B, Maehly A C.Assay of catalase and peroxidase[J].Methods in Enzymology,1995, 2: 764-775.
[9]
Xia H P, Shu W S. Resistance to and uptake of heavy metals by Vetiveria zizanioidesand Paspalum notatum from lead/zinc mine tailings[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2001, 21(7): 1121-1129.
[10]
Chaney R L, Malik M, Li Y M,et al.Phytoremediation of soils metals[J].Current Opinion in Biotechnology,1997, 8(3): 279-284.
[11]
Amirjani M R.Effects of Cadmium on wheat growth and some physiological factors[J].International Journal of Forest,Soil and Erosion,2012, 2(1): 50-58.
[12]
Khan M D, Mei L, Basharat A,et al.Cadmium-induced up regulation of lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species caused physiological,biochemical and ultrastructural changes in Upland Cotton seedlings[J].BioMed Research International,2013,
[13]
Jin S, Zhu T , Cao S H.The influence of zinc stress on physiological and biochemical characteristics of white clover[J].Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2013, (4): 34-37.
[14]
Bowler C, Montage V M, Inzé D.Superoxide dismutase and stress tolerance[J].Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology,1992, 43: 83-116.
[15]
Abhay K, Prasad M N V, Achary M M,et al.Elucidation of lead-induced oxidative stress in Talinum triangulare roots by analysis of antioxidant responses and DNA damage at cellular level[J].Environmental Science Pollution Research,2012, 20: 4551-4661.
[16]
Ortega-Villasante C, Rella'n-A'lvarez R, Campo F F D,et al.Cellular damage induced by cadmium and mercury in Medicago sativa[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2005, 56: 2239-2251.
[17]
Su J W, Wang X P.Cadmium-induced membrane lipid peroxidation and programmed cell death in tea seedling[J]. Journal of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology,2002, 28(4): 292-298.
[18]
Li H, Cong Y, Wang H W, et al.Effects of cadmium stress on oxygen enzyme system and genome DNA polymorphism in the root tips of strawberry plants[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica ,2010, 37(5): 721-730.
[19]
Bolwell G P, Wojtaszek D.Mechanisms for the generation of reactive oxygen species in plant defense abroad perspective[J].Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology,1997, 51: 347-366.
[20]
Lagerwerff J V.Uptaka of cadmium,lead and zinc from soil and air[J].Journal of Soil Science,1971, 3: 129-133.
Wagner G J. Accumulation of cadmium in crop plants and its consequences to human health[J].Advances in Agronomy, 1993, 51: 173-212.
[28]
Wang Q H, Liang X , Dong Y J, et al.Ameliorating effects of exogenous nitric oxide on ryegrass seedlings under cadmium stress[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2012, 24(2): 30-35.
[29]
Lagerwerff J V.Uptaka of cadmium,lead and zinc from soil and air[J].Journal of Soil Science,1971, 3: 129-133.
[30]
Tian B, Ran X Q, Xue H, et al.Evaluation of the nutritive value of 42 kinds of forage in Guizhou Province by grey relational grade analysis[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(1): 92-103.
[31]
Chen K B, Kuang W, Tian W L. White clover in repairing heavy metal contaminated soil[P].Chinese patent: 201110411889. 9, 2011-12-12.
[32]
Hu J C, Zheng A Z.The damage of heavy metal stress on plant cell ultrastructure[J].Journal of Shangqiu Teachers College,2005, 21(5): 126-134.
[33]
Li Z, Peng Y, Su X Y.Physiological responses of white clover by different leaf types associated with anti-oxidative enzyme protection and osmotic adjustment under drought stress[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2013, 22(2): 257-263.
[34]
Wu Q S, Yuan F Y, Fei Y J, et al.Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on root system architecture and sugar contents of white clover[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2014, 23(2): 199-204.
[35]
Jin S.Remediation potential of white clover in cadmium pollution soil[D].Yanglin: North West Agriculture and Forestry University, 2013.
[36]
Han B H, Zhu H, Zhang Y X.Effect of cadmium stress on the seed germination and growth of three turfgrasses[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2014, 36(3): 98-103.
[37]
GB/T2930. 4-2001. Rules for forage seed[S].The state bureau of quality and technicals,2001: 37,-40.
[38]
Wang F, Chang P P, Chen Y P, et al. Effect of exogenous nitric oxide on seedling growth and physiological characteristics of maize seedlings under cadmium stress[J] Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2013, 22(2): 178-186.
[39]
Zhang J B, Huang W N. Advances on physiological and ecological effects of cadmium on plants[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2000, 20(3): 514-523.
[40]
Tang S R, Wilke B M, Huang C Y.The uptake of copper by plants dominantly growing on copper mining spoils a long the Yangtze River, the People's Republic of China[J].Plant and Soil,1999, 209: 225-232.
[41]
Wang X L, Chang Q S, Hou X L, et al. Heavy metal enrichment of plants at lead-zinc mines in south China[J].Ecology and Environment Sciences,2010, 19(1): 108-112.
[42]
Wang C G, Zhang S C, Ren W, et al.Remediation effect of polution of heavy metals in soil by common afforestation plants of Harbin[J].Northern Horticulture,2011, 3(11): 153-156.
[43]
Shen W, Sun Y M, Yang Z N, et al. Soil heavy metal's form and their enrichment and transfer in plants in the water level fluctuating zone at Yunyang in Three Gorge reservoir area[J].Carsologica Sinica,2012, 31(4): 415-422.
[44]
Chen Q C, Sun Y W, Zhang G L.A preliminary study of morphological and anatomical characteristics - Shule River flora dominant species[J].Journal of lanzhou university (natural science edition),1961, (3): 62-69.
[45]
Rodríguez-Serrano M, Romero-Puertas M C, Zabalza A,et al.Cadmium effect on oxidative metabolism of pea (Pisum sativum L.) roots:Imaging of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide accumulation in vivo[J].Plant Cell Environment,2006, 29: 1532-1544.
[46]
Xu X H, Shi J Y, Chen X C, et al.Subcellular distribution and chemical fractions of manganese in leaves of hyperaceumulator phytolacca acinosa roxb[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2008, 27(2): 515-520.
[47]
Bidwell S D, Batianoff G N, Woodrow I E,et al.Hyperaccumulation of manganese in the rainforest tree Austromyrtus bidwillii (Myrtaceae) from Queensland, Australia[J].Functional Plant Biology,2002, 29(7): 899-905.
[48]
Xu Q S, Shi G X, Du K H.Effects of Cr (VI) on physiological and ultrastructural changes in leaves of Ottelia alismoides (L.) Pers[J].Guihaia ,2002, 22(1): 92-96.
[49]
Xu G D, Sun W L, Liu P, et al.Relationship between anatomize of vegetative organs and tolerance manganese of Phytolacca acinosa Roxb[J].Journal of Zhejiang Normal University(Natural Sciences),2008, 31(4): 452-456.
[50]
Klobus G, Buczek J.Chlorophyll,content,cells and chloroplast number and cadmium distribution in Cd-treated cucumber plants[J].Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,1985, 7(3): 139-147.
[51]
Chen W, Zhang M M, Song Y Y, et al. Impacts of heavy metals on the fluorescence characteristics and root morphology of 2 turfgrass species[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2014, 23(3): 333-342.
[52]
Stobart A K, Griffiths W T,Ibraheem Ameen-Bukhari,et al.The effect of Cd2+ on the biosynthesis of chlorophyll in leaves of barley[J].Physiologia Plantarum,1985, 63(3): 293-298.
[53]
Assche F V, Clijsters H.Effects of metals on enzyme activity in plants[J].Plant Cell Environment,1990, 13: 195-206.
[54]
Vallee B I, Ulmer D D.Biochemical effects of mercury, cadmium, and lead[J].Annual Review Biochemistry, 1972, 41: 91-128.
[55]
Goldbach H E.A critical review on current hypotheses concerning the role of boron in higher plants:Suggestions for further research and methodolonical requirements[J].Journal of Trace and Microprobe Techniques,1997, 15(1): 51-91.
[56]
Liu H Q, Han J C, Liu H P, et al. Influence of lead gradient stress on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) seedlings[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2012, 21(6): 57-63.
[57]
Zhao M, Zhou R L, Liu J F, et al. The relationship between freeze-tolerance and changes in activities of antioxidant enzymes and osmolyte content in the leaves of white clover during early winter freeze-thaw cycles[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2011, 31(2): 306-315.
[58]
Weng Z X, Wang L X, Tan F L, et al.Proteomic and physiological analyses reveal detoxification and antioxidation induced by Cd stress in Kandelia candel roots[J]. Trees,2013, 27: 583-595.
[59]
参考文献：
[60]
Wagner G J. Accumulation of cadmium in crop plants and its consequences to human health[J].Advances in Agronomy, 1993, 51: 173-212.
Dhindsa R S, Dhindsa P P, Thorpe T A.Leaf senescence: correlated with increased leaves of membrane permeability and lipid peroxidation,and decreased levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,1981, 32: 93-101.
[70]
Giannopolities C N, Ries S K.Superoxide dismutase:I.Occurrence in higher plants[J].Plant Physiology,1977, 59: 309-314.
Tang S R, Wilke B M, Huang C Y.The uptake of copper by plants dominantly growing on copper mining spoils a long the Yangtze River, the People’s Republic of China[J].Plant and Soil,1999, 209: 225-232.
Rodríguez-Serrano M, Romero-Puertas M C, Zabalza A,et al.Cadmium effect on oxidative metabolism of pea (Pisum sativum L.) roots:Imaging of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide accumulation in vivo[J].Plant Cell Environment,2006, 29: 1532-1544.
Bidwell S D, Batianoff G N, Woodrow I E,et al.Hyperaccumulation of manganese in the rainforest tree Austromyrtus bidwillii (Myrtaceae) from Queensland, Australia[J].Functional Plant Biology,2002, 29(7): 899-905.
Klobus G, Buczek J.Chlorophyll,content,cells and chloroplast number and cadmium distribution in Cd-treated cucumber plants[J].Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,1985, 7(3): 139-147.
Stobart A K, Griffiths W T,Ibraheem Ameen-Bukhari,et al.The effect of Cd2+ on the biosynthesis of chlorophyll in leaves of barley[J].Physiologia Plantarum,1985, 63(3): 293-298.
[90]
Assche F V, Clijsters H.Effects of metals on enzyme activity in plants[J].Plant Cell Environment,1990, 13: 195-206.
[91]
Vallee B I, Ulmer D D.Biochemical effects of mercury, cadmium, and lead[J].Annual Review Biochemistry, 1972, 41: 91-128.
[92]
Amirjani M R.Effects of Cadmium on wheat growth and some physiological factors[J].International Journal of Forest,Soil and Erosion,2012, 2(1): 50-58.
[93]
Khan M D, Mei L, Basharat A,et al.Cadmium-induced up regulation of lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species caused physiological,biochemical and ultrastructural changes in Upland Cotton seedlings[J].BioMed Research International,2013,
Bowler C, Montage V M, Inzé D.Superoxide dismutase and stress tolerance[J].Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology,1992, 43: 83-116.
[96]
Abhay K, Prasad M N V, Achary M M,et al.Elucidation of lead-induced oxidative stress in Talinum triangulare roots by analysis of antioxidant responses and DNA damage at cellular level[J].Environmental Science Pollution Research,2012, 20: 4551-4661.
[97]
Ortega-Villasante C, Rella'n-A'lvarez R, Campo F F D,et al.Cellular damage induced by cadmium and mercury in Medicago sativa[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2005, 56: 2239-2251.
Bolwell G P, Wojtaszek D.Mechanisms for the generation of reactive oxygen species in plant defense abroad perspective[J].Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology,1997, 51: 347-366.
[101]
Goldbach H E.A critical review on current hypotheses concerning the role of boron in higher plants:Suggestions for further research and methodolonical requirements[J].Journal of Trace and Microprobe Techniques,1997, 15(1): 51-91.
Weng Z X, Wang L X, Tan F L,et al.Proteomic and physiological analyses reveal detoxification and antioxidation induced by Cd stress in Kandelia candel roots[J]. Trees,2013, 27: 583-595.
