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草业学报  2014 

生态工程前后三江源草地产草量与载畜压力的变化分析

DOI: 10.11686/cyxb20140513, PP. 116-123

Keywords: 三江源,草地产草量,草地载畜压力,生态保护和建设工程,生态成效

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Abstract:

三江源生态保护和建设工程对生态系统的恢复具有重要作用,其对草地生态系统的影响也成为关注的热点。本文基于GLO-PEM模型和载畜压力指数,对比分析了三江源地区实施生态工程前后草地产草量和载畜压力的变化。结果表明,工程实施后的2005-2012年8年的草地平均产草量为694kg/hm2,比工程实施前1988-2004年17年的平均产草量(533kg/hm2)提高了30.31%,减畜措施实施后的2003-2012年10年的平均载畜压力指数为1.46,比1988-2002年15年平均载畜压力指数(2.49)下降了36.1%。草地产草量的提高和载畜压力的减轻,主要归因于生态保护和建设工程的实施以及气候变化。其中,生态工程对草地生态系统的恢复已初见成效。

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