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草业学报  2014 

葎草幼苗光合生理特性对铬胁迫的响应

DOI: 10.11686/cyxb20140422, PP. 181-188

Keywords: 铬胁迫,葎草,气体交换,叶绿素含量,叶绿素荧光参数

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Abstract:

以葎草幼苗为对象,采用盆栽法研究不同铬浓度(Cr3+)(分别为0,50,200,300,500mmol/L)下葎草幼苗叶片光合生理特性的变化。结果表明,1)在低浓度(50mmol/L)Cr3+胁迫下,植株的净光合速率(Pn)、瞬时水分利用率(WUEi)显著高于对照,而气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔限制值(Ls)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)及叶绿素含量与对照无显著差异。2)在中浓度(200~300mmol/L)Cr3+胁迫下,各光合参数及叶绿素含量呈下降趋势,且光下最小荧光(Fo')、光下最大荧光(Fm')、初始荧光(Fo)、最大荧光(Fm)、可变荧光(Fv)、PSⅡ的潜在活性(Fv/Fo)、最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)和光化学淬灭(qP)逐渐减小,但Ls和WUEi随胁迫浓度的加重呈先升后降的趋势,Ci呈先降后升的变化,而ETR和丙二醛(MDA)含量则呈上升趋势,此时非光化学淬灭(qN)的变化没有规律。3)在高浓度(500mmol/L)Cr3+胁迫下,Pn、Tr、Ls、WUEi、MDA含量、叶绿素含量及qN均下降,Ci上升,且Fo'、Fm'、Fo、Fm、Fv、Fv/Fo、Fv/Fm和qP也显著增加。因此,低浓度Cr3+在一定程度上促进葎草幼苗生长,但随着Cr3+浓度增加,植株的气体交换参数、MDA含量、叶绿素含量及叶绿素荧光参数等光合生理特性具有显著不利影响,尤其是在高浓度Cr3+胁迫下,植株的生长受到严重抑制。

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