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草业学报  2014 

天山山区植被类型改变对新疆气候影响的模拟分析

DOI: 10.11686/cyxb20140306, PP. 51-61

Keywords: 天山山区,区域气候模式,植被类型

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Abstract:

使用RegCM3区域气候模式,利用CRU资料和气象台站观测资料,验证了RegCM3区域气候模式对新疆降水和气温的模拟能力,分析了天山山区植被类型改变对新疆气候的影响。结果表明,RegCM3区域气候模式对新疆及其临近地区降水、温度的空间分布形势和季节变化特征具有较好的模拟能力。天山山区草地面积的改变,对新疆地区的降水和地面气温的影响很小。如果将天山山区43.5°~45.0°N区域内的地表类型由草地改变为耕地,即假设50%的草地被开垦为耕地,那么,天山山区降水量的变化强度在5-7月逐渐增强,然后减弱。天山植被的变化主要通过影响对流性降水并进而影响总降水的变化。天山植被类型变为农田后会造成较大的地面潜热通量差异并引起地表净热通量较大的差异,进而影响到地面气温的模拟。潜热通量的变化通过影响局地的水汽供应进而引起降水较大的变化。

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