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草业学报  2014 

长期不同施肥模式下稻田土壤磷吸附与解吸的动态研究

DOI: 10.11686/cyxb20140114, PP. 113-122

Keywords: 长期试验,红壤性水稻土,磷吸附和解吸,动态研究

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Abstract:

为了探讨土壤对磷素的固定与释放过程,研究了长期不同施肥模式下红壤稻田0~20cm和20~40cm土壤对磷的吸附和解吸动态。结果表明,0~20cm土壤对磷的吸附量培养前期快速增大、后期趋于稳定,20~40cm土壤对磷的吸附量呈培养前期快速增大、后期缓慢增大的态势。长期有机物循环配施化肥显著降低了0~20cm土壤磷吸附量,与单施化肥相比,其对土壤磷的吸附量降低幅度达20.1%;无肥基础上的有机物循环利用效果次之,单施化肥无明显效果。各施肥模式对20~40cm土壤磷的吸附特性影响较小。土壤对磷的解吸量主要集中在前几次浸提,且随浸提次数的增多而减小。长期有机物循环利用促进了0~20cm土壤磷素的解吸,有机物循环利用配施化肥效果更佳,其对土壤磷的累积解吸率较单施化肥提高幅度达72.2%;单施化肥在一定程度上抑制了土壤对磷的解吸。长期有机物循环利用对20~40cm土壤磷的解吸特性影响不大。0~20cm土壤对磷的解吸量和累积解吸率均低于20~40cm土壤。化肥基础上的有机物循环利用促进了土壤中磷素的活化,改善了磷素肥力水平。

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