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草业学报  2014 

沙埋对两种灌木生长影响及其生理响应差异

DOI: 10.11686/cyxb20140122, PP. 185-191

Keywords: 差巴嘎蒿,小叶锦鸡儿,沙埋胁迫,生态适应,生理响应

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Abstract:

差巴嘎蒿属于沙生半灌木,小叶锦鸡儿属于非沙生灌木,二者均为内蒙古东部几个沙地中分布最广的灌木种。为比较两种灌木耐沙埋能力及其生理响应差异,2010-2011年在内蒙古科尔沁沙地研究了不同深度沙埋处理下两种灌木幼苗的存活率、株高、渗透调节物质含量、保护酶活性和膜透性变化。结果表明,1)差巴嘎蒿较小叶锦鸡儿具有更强的耐沙埋能力,前者在沙埋深度达到株高200%时仍有部分幼苗存活,后者在沙埋深度为其株高100%时即已全部死亡;2)沙埋深度为株高25%时,两种灌木高生长均未受到明显影响,当沙埋深度达到株高50%时,两种灌木的高生长均受到抑制;3)当沙埋深度由株高25%增至75%以后,差巴嘎蒿没有显示出水分胁迫,其MDA含量下降,膜透性没有明显变化,而小叶锦鸡儿在沙埋深度为株高50%时即已显示出水分胁迫,MDA含量明显增加,但膜透性没有发生明显变化;4)沙埋深度为株高75%~100%时,差巴嘎蒿有两种酶活性显著增强,起到了共同防止膜质过氧化作用,而小叶锦鸡儿只有一种酶活性显著增强;5)沙埋胁迫下,差巴嘎蒿脯氨酸发挥了一定渗透调节作用,小叶锦鸡儿的脯氨酸和可溶性糖均未有效发挥渗透调节作用;6)差巴嘎蒿之所以具有较强的耐沙埋能力,一个重要原因是沙埋后其保护酶活性和渗透调节物质含量增加幅度大,有效地减轻了细胞膜损伤。

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