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草业学报  2014 

不同供磷水平对胡麻磷素养分转运分配及其磷肥效率的影响

DOI: 10.11686/cyxb20140119, PP. 158-166

Keywords: ,胡麻,吸收和转运,分配,磷肥效率

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Abstract:

以“坝选3号”胡麻为材料,研究了不施磷、低磷、中磷和高磷4个不同施磷(P2O5)水平(0,35,70和105kg/hm2)对胡麻植株中磷素累积、转运、分配和磷肥利用效率的影响。结果表明,低磷、中磷和高磷水平时,胡麻各器官不同生育阶段磷素养分吸收和累积量的基本趋势一致,但其变化量与施磷量有极大关系。胡麻地上茎、叶、非籽粒和籽粒中,磷素的日增量增幅因器官而异;胡麻只有叶片中有磷素转移,中磷处理比低磷和高磷处理磷转移量增加54.93%~73.83%和8.19%~10.00%(P<0.05),籽粒中20.46%~35.93%的磷素是靠叶片转运而来。胡麻植株磷素累积主要在生殖生长阶段,占整个生育期总累积量的79.02%~92.17%。施磷(P2O5)量为70kg/hm2时磷肥表观利用率和农学效率最高,分别为20.22%~20.53%和7.30~7.44kg/kg。胡麻产量随施磷量增加而增加,增幅最高达28.96%~31.46%。结合产量与磷肥表观利用率和农学效率,本实验区同等肥力土壤条件下,以施磷(P2O5)量为70kg/hm2(中磷)为宜。

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