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草业学报  2015 

冬播和春播育苗对党参苗栽产量和质量的影响

DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2014437, PP. 139-148

Keywords: 党参,种苗,土壤含水量,产量,质量

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Abstract:

在甘肃省陇西县首阳镇对白条党参采用冬播和春播育苗对比试验,通过定期测定土壤含水量、苗栽产量和质量指标,旨在揭示党参冬播和春播育苗效应的差异性,探寻其最佳播种季节,为党参规范化育苗操作提供科学依据。结果表明,陇西县气候条件适宜党参育苗。冬播和春播育苗条件下,党参种子出苗进程变化趋势均呈“S”型曲线,符合Logistic方程,快增期在春播后46~48d。与春播田相比较,冬播育苗田0~20cm土层含水量高,党参种子提早6d出苗,苗栽产量提高47.8%,个体质量优异。春播育苗田出苗率较冬播田提高27.3%,但苗栽个体小,商品性差。以上说明,党参冬播育苗对规避春季干旱具有一定意义,建议党参规范化育苗按比例采用冬播和春播育苗方法,以降低春季遇严重干旱造成的春播种子不发芽的风险。值得注意的是无论是冬播,还是春播进行党参育苗时,播种后均应及时采取保墒措施,以覆盖小麦秸秆为佳。

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