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草业学报  2015 

光敏型高丹草在陇东旱塬的生物学特性和营养成分比较研究

DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2014492, PP. 166-174

Keywords: 光敏型,高丹草,陇东旱塬,生物学特性,产量,营养成分

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Abstract:

在陇东旱塬地区研究了海牛、BJ0603和大卡,共3个光敏型高丹草品种的生物学特性、不同生育时期营养成分变化及刈割次数对产量的影响。结果表明:4月下旬播种、10月上旬收获时,各品种都处于抽穗或开花期,不能完成生殖生长。收获前测定表明,品种间在株高、节间数、叶数和茎粗方面差异不显著(P>0.05),但叶片和单秆重差异显著(P<0.05);每个品种全年刈割1茬的标准草产量(65%含水量)和干物质产量均高于全年刈割2茬的,但差异不显著(P>0.05),全年刈割2茬的鲜草产量极显著高于(P<0.01)1茬的。无论全年刈割1茬或2茬,品种间的鲜草、标准草(65%含水量)和干物质产量均差异显著(P<0.05),产量依次为海牛>BJ0603>大卡;从拔节前期到孕穗期,各品种茎秆中粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)含量呈下降趋势;酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量呈上升趋势,粗纤维(CF)、可溶性糖含量呈先升后降的趋势;粗灰分(ASH)含量呈直线下降的趋势;无氮浸出物(NFE)含量呈先下降后上升的趋势。茎秆中CP、ADF、NDF、ASH、NFE及可溶性糖含量在品种间差异显著(P<0.05),但EE、CF含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。综合考虑产量和养分含量变化,我们认为,在陇东旱塬地区春播光敏型极晚熟高丹草生产模式中,作为青贮利用时,以全年刈割1茬且在霜降前收割最佳;作为干草调制或青饲利用时,以全年刈割2茬且第1茬在拔节后期孕穗前刈割,第2茬在霜降前刈割最佳。

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