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草业学报  2015 

赤霉素对不同收获时间的稻草中非结构性碳水化合物含量的影响

DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2014378, PP. 53-64

Keywords: 稻草,赤霉素,收获期,非结构性碳水化合物

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Abstract:

赤霉素(GA)处理能有效延缓植株衰老,改善稻草饲用品质,但在对照组成熟时GA处理组还有贪青现象。为了研究GA处理后不同收获时间稻草中非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)含量的差异,本试验选用两优培九(杂交籼稻)、武育粳3号(迟熟中粳)、南粳44(早熟晚粳)和南粳46(中熟晚粳)等4个不同类型的水稻品种,设置3个GA喷施时间:开花后7d(GA-7),开花后15d(GA-15)和开花后21d(GA-21),设置两个收获时间:正常收获(对照组成熟后统一收获)和延迟收获(对照组成熟后推迟6d收获),测定稻草整株及叶片、茎秆和叶鞘中的NSC[包括可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)和淀粉]含量,并利用倒3节茎秆进行徒手切片,观测其中的淀粉颗粒数量。结果表明适时收获的稻草中含有相当数量的NSC,其中粳稻品种高于籼稻品种;稻草中的NSC主要贮存在茎秆中,WSC含量显著高于淀粉含量。延迟收获时不同时间GA处理对改善不同品种稻草中NSC含量的效果出现差异:正常收获时,两优培九以GA-15处理组,武育粳3号以GA-21处理组,南粳44以GA-7处理组的稻草中NSC含量最高;延迟收获时,两优培九以GA-21处理组,武育粳3号以GA-15处理组,南粳44以GA-21处理组的稻草中NSC含量最高;南粳46两次收获均以GA-15处理组的稻草中NSC含量最高。喷施GA能显著增加籼稻品种两优培九和中熟粳稻品种武育粳3号稻草中的NSC含量,而对晚熟粳稻品种南粳44和南粳46稻草中NSC含量的影响不大。

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