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草业学报  2015 

高光合效率小豆筛选与营养价值评价

DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2014324, PP. 52-59

Keywords: 小豆,生长特征,生育期,产量,根瘤,养分积累,光合效率,营养价值

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Abstract:

为了筛选适宜于安徽地区种植的肥饲兼用型小豆种质资源,于2011-2013年在安徽科技学院通过田间试验和盆栽试验对7种小豆进行评价,记载各种小豆的根、茎、叶、花、荚果及种子的形态特征、生长特性、产量和干物质积累效率,测定各种小豆在盛花期的叶片光合效率、根瘤量和氮、磷、钾、铁、锌养分含量及粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、氨基酸含量。结果表明,早熟黑小豆表现为中熟,晚熟黑小豆表现为迟熟,其他种(属)表现为早熟;兴安红豆叶片光合效率和干物质积累效率最高;晚熟黑小豆根瘤最多、根瘤量可达地下部总重的28.8%,其鲜草产量、干物量、种子产量、蛋白质产量最高,固氮和富集钾、铁、锌能力最强,而富集磷能力最强的是早熟黑小豆和兴安红豆;晚熟黑小豆鲜草水分含量较高而粗纤维含量最低,饲用适口性好。从光合效率、鲜草产量、干物量、营养价值、养分富集能力和生育期等方面综合考虑,初步认为兴安红豆、早熟黑小豆和晚熟黑小豆适宜于安徽地区种植。

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