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草业学报  2015 

不同生育期和凋萎时间对多花黑麦草饲用和发酵品质的影响

DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2014286, PP. 125-132

Keywords: 多花黑麦草,孕穗期,开花期,凋萎,青贮

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Abstract:

本研究利用多花黑麦草Musashi品种,研究孕穗期和开花期饲草在不同凋萎时间的饲用品质动态及青贮品质动态,旨在选择出适宜不同生育期多花黑麦草凋萎青贮的时间。实验设置了对照、凋萎1,2,3,4和5h共6个处理,分别测定了原料的饲用品质相关性状和青贮料的发酵品质性状。结果表明,原料的非结构碳水化合物(NSC)含量随着凋萎时间的延长持续下降,但可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)则呈不同的变化趋势:孕穗期多花黑麦草在凋萎过程中的WSC呈不同程度的上升,在凋萎1h时含量达到最高,为10.62%,之后小幅下降,但始终高于对照(P<0.05);开花期多花黑麦草在凋萎过程中的WSC则呈先上升后下降的趋势,在凋萎3h时含量达到最高,为14.46%,之后下降。孕穗期多花黑麦草不同凋萎时间的青贮发酵品质性状中,pH在凋萎3h时最低,为4.05,随后小幅上升;氨态氮(NH3-N)含量随着凋萎时间的延长持续下降;乳酸(LA)含量先升后降,凋萎3h时含量最高,达8.49%。开花期多花黑麦草不同凋萎时间的青贮发酵品质中,pH随着凋萎时间的延长持续上升;NH3-N含量随着凋萎时间的延长呈先下降后回升的趋势,凋萎2h处理的含量最低,为2.03mg/g;LA含量持续下降,但凋萎3h以后LA含量大幅降低,仅为4.56%,凋萎5h时LA含量则大幅降至1.38%。适宜的凋萎处理时间,应该是原料中的WSC含量较高,干物质含量适宜;青贮料具有较低的pH、NH3-N含量和较高的LA含量。综合孕穗期多花黑麦草在不同凋萎时间的青贮品质变化趋势,以凋萎3h为佳,凋萎3h时原料的干物质含量升至26.59%。开花期则以凋萎2h处理最佳,凋萎2h时原料的干物质含量升至28.03%。

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