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草业学报  2015 

黄土丘陵区不同耕作措施下春小麦和豌豆轮作水肥协同效应

DOI: 10.11686/cyxb20150405, PP. 39-47

Keywords: APSIM模型,耕作措施,水肥协同效应,轮作

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Abstract:

为探索水肥协同作用对不同耕作措施下作物产量影响规律,运用在黄土丘陵区率订和验证后的APSIM(agriculturalproductionsystemsimulator)模型,模拟研究区近35年传统耕作(T)、免耕(NT)和免耕覆盖(NTS)措施下轮作小麦/豌豆产量,并采用多元回归分析施氮量(X1)、休闲期降水量(X2)和生育期降水量(X3)对小麦/豌豆模拟产量的水肥协同效应。结果表明,自然降水条件下3因素对不同耕作措施小麦和豌豆产量的贡献率均为:X3>X2>X1。生育期降水量和休闲期降水量对产量的贡献率均为:NTS>NT>T。T、NT和NTS措施下小麦和豌豆的产量与施氮量均呈开口向下二次抛物线型变化,但小麦最佳施氮量分别为65.0,65.5和44.5kg/hm2,豌豆的最佳施氮量分别为17.9,18.5和23.8kg/hm2,并且施氮量对小麦产量的贡献率为:NT>T>NTS,而施氮量对豌豆产量的贡献率为:NTS>NT>T。在甘肃省定西黄土丘陵区,决定小麦和豌豆产量的关键因素是降水,降水量对免耕覆盖的增产效应最为显著,且3种耕作措施条件下小麦和豌豆对施氮效应有不同的表现。

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