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草业学报  2015 

青藏高原高寒湿地不同季节土壤理化性质对放牧模式的响应

DOI: 10.11686/cyxb20150402, PP. 12-20

Keywords: 青藏高原,高寒湿地,放牧模式,季节变化,土壤理化性质

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Abstract:

本文分析了青藏高原东缘高寒湿地在全年放牧、冬季放牧和全年禁牧3种放牧模式下土壤理化性质的变化,探讨其在不同土层深度的变化及季节性动态。结果如下:1)沿着全年禁牧—冬季放牧—全年放牧3种放牧模式,土壤表层(0~15cm)及下层(15~30cm)的土壤含水量和有机碳含量显著减小。2)土壤含水量、有机碳、全氮、全磷和速效氮含量均随土层深度的增加而降低,而速效磷表现为无规律。3)3种放牧模式下表层土壤有机碳含量均为:9月>5月>7月;全氮和全磷含量一般都在9月份较高,而速效氮和速效磷含量9月份最低,每种放牧模式下它们之间的具体差异也不完全相同。4)除5月份,两个土层土壤全氮含量均与有机碳含量呈极显著正相关。综上,全年放牧模式加快了土壤中C、N、P的周转,使土壤养分输出量增加,进而导致土壤肥力下降,草地退化。

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