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草业学报  2015 

中国主要鸭茅品种农艺性状变异研究

DOI: 10.11686/cyxb20150315, PP. 142-154

Keywords: 中国,鸭茅,主要品种,农艺性状,DUS性状

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Abstract:

鸭茅系世界著名多年生冷季型优质牧草,在我国草地畜牧业发展和生态建设中起着重要作用。为系统地探明我国鸭茅品种(系)在表型水平上的多态性及变异规律,本研究对我国鸭茅8个品种和1个新品系单株的物候期、抗锈病能力、越夏率、生长速度、鲜干草产量、鲜干草茎叶比、鲜干比、分蘖数、植物学表型性状及DUS性状进行了系统研究,结果表明,1)各鸭茅品种(系)生育期、抗锈病能力、越夏率、生长速度、生产性能差异明显,以‘02-116’新品系表现较为突出;2)供试12个表型性状在品种(系)间差异均达到极显著(P<0.01)水平,变异系数变幅为21.64%(倒二叶长度)~106.20%(穗叶距),穗叶距、株高、茎上部节间长度、倒二叶宽度、株幅等性状与鸭茅产量显著相关;3)主成分分析表明前4个主成分因子累计贡献率达68.225%,鸭茅植株株型的形成和生长速度的动态变化,在很大程度上由叶片长度、叶片宽度、株高、穗叶距等共同决定;4)各品种(系)在7个供试DUS性状上均表现出不同程度的群体差异;5)品系‘02-116’与品种‘川东’、‘古蔺’等在主要形态上存在一定差异。

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