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草业学报  2015 

中国十字花科果实微形态及其系统学意义

DOI: 10.11686/cyxb20150215, PP. 130-141

Keywords: 十字花科,果实,毛状体,,形态,结构,系统学

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Abstract:

采用GMA半薄切片法,首次深入研究了中国十字花科(Brassicaceae)76种及7变种(包括9族35属)果实的微形态,结果显示十字花科果实分两侧压扁及背腹压扁。除乌头荠族、紫罗兰族的果实无毛状体外,其他7个族均具单细胞毛。毛状体分为4种类型:单毛不分枝、丁字毛、分叉毛及星状毛。独行菜族果实具翅,包括微翅、周翅、宽翅及披针形翅。中果皮通常由薄壁细胞层及纤维层构成,少数物种的中果皮细胞木化(如南芥族、独行菜族、香花芥族)。维管束多数,分布于果皮薄壁组织。假隔膜通常为2层薄壁细胞,但南芥族及香花芥族少数属种的假隔膜细胞木化,三肋菘蓝及厚壁荠未见明显假隔膜。十字花科果实特征通常在属内是稳定的,具有重要的分类学价值。本研究完善了十字花科果实形态学,为该科族或属的划分提供了形态学依据,为分子系统学的研究提供了形态学支持,并为进一步深入研究十字花科系统学提供了基础资料。

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