全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...
草业学报  2015 

不同储存年限老芒麦种子种带真菌检测及致病性测定

DOI: 10.11686/cyxb20150212, PP. 96-103

Keywords: 老芒麦,发芽率,种带真菌,致病性

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

对来自青海的5个不同收获年份的老芒麦种样进行了系统的种带真菌研究;测定了12种分离率大于1%的种带真菌对老芒麦种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,种样发芽率为56%~80%,S2发芽率最高,达到80%,显著高于S1和S5(P<0.05);种样带菌率为24%~38%,随储藏时间延长呈下降趋势,S5带菌率最高,达到38%,显著高于其他种样(P<0.05);共鉴定出老芒麦种带真菌15属17种,真菌分离率为0.25%~8.75%,其中青霉和曲霉是老芒麦最常见的种带真菌,在5个种样上均被分离得到;燕麦镰孢、串珠镰孢、镰孢菌1、离蠕孢和德氏霉5种真菌是老芒麦最主要的致病真菌,均显著地降低了老芒麦种子的萌发、抑制了幼苗的生长、降低了幼苗的生物量(P<0.05);细交链孢对种子的萌发没有显著抑制作用(P>0.05),但是显著地降低了幼苗的长度和干物质产量(P<0.05)。皮思霉、离蠕孢、曲霉3种真菌显著延长了老芒麦种子平均萌发时间,而燕麦镰孢则显著地缩短了种子平均发芽时间(P<0.05)。

References

[1]  Yu Z, Sun Q Z, Deng B, et al . Studies on making Siberian Wildryegrass silage. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2008, 10(1): 98-102.
[2]  Gu X Y, Guo Z H, Zhang X Q, et al . Genetic diversity of Elymus sibiricus germplasm resources revealed by SRAP makers. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(1): 205-216.
[3]  Dong S K, Hu Z Z, Long R J, et al . Community characteristics of mixed grassland with perennial grass in Alpine Region of Tibetan Plateau. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2003, 22(5): 20-25.
[4]  Sinclair J B. The seed: a microcosm of microbes. Journal of Seed Technology, 1979, 4(2): 68-73.
[5]  Mirocha C, Pathre S, Schauerhamer B, et al . Natural occurrence of Fusarium toxins in feedstuff. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1976, 32(4): 553-556.
[6]  Nan Z B, Liu R. Detection of seed-borne fungi of Astragalus adsurgens . Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 1997, 6(4): 11-16.
[7]  Li C J, Wang Y R, Zhu T H, et al . Responses of alfalfa seed to stress storage conditions. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, 13(8): 957-961.
[8]  Zhao L H, Xie G L, Li W, et al . Plant pathology in retrospect and in propect.Seed, 2006, 25(2): 40-42.
[9]  Dhingra O, Lustosa D, Maia C, et al . Seedborne fungal pathogens of jacaranda ( Dalbergia nigra ) tree. Seed Science and Technology, 2003, 31(2): 341-349.
[10]  Li C J, Nan Z B. Seed-borne fungi of lucerne and their pathogenicity to lucerne seed and seedling. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2000, 9(1): 27-36.
[11]  Nan Z B. Seed-borne fungi of Astragalus adsurgens -environment, pathogenicity and control. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 1998, 7(1): 12-18.
[12]  Wiewióra B, Prończuk M. Rhizoctonia solani and other fungi detected in perennial ryegrass seeds after harvest and storage. Phytopathologia Polonica, 2002, 26: 19-27.
[13]  Yuan Q H, Sun J H, Li Q, et al . Detection of seed-borne fungi on Sorghum sudanense and Coronilla varia . Gansu Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 1993, 23(2): 19-21.
[14]  Mao P S, Han J G, Wu X C. Effects of harvest time on seed yield of Siberian Wildrye. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2003, 11(1): 33-37.
[15]  National Bureau of Standard. Rules for Forage Seed Testing(GB 2930-82)[S]. Beijing: Technological Standard Press, 1982.
[16]  Xu X L, Wu X H, Zhang G Z, et al . Analysis of correlation between seed-associated fungi and seed vigor of sweet corn. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2006, 39(8): 1565-1570.
[17]  Wei J C.Fungi Idenfication Handbook[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Science and Technology Press, 1979.
[18]  Lu J Y. Pathogenic Phytomycology[M]. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2001.
[19]  Yang Y X, Han J G, Li S T, et al . Effects of seed-borne fungi on germination and vigor of Zoysia japonica seed. Seed, 2006, 25(10): 16-19.
[20]  Baskin J M, Baskin C C. A classification system for seed dormancy. Seed Science Research, 2004, 14(1): 1-16.
[21]  Liu X Y, Pu M K, Bian Z G, et al . Effect of storage time on seed germination characteristics of Elymus sibiricus L. cv.Chuancao No.1. Cao ye Yu Xumu, 2012, (2): 16-18.
[22]  Huang X H, Hu X W, Xu Z H, et al . Effects of exogenous hormones on the dormancy and germination of Leymus chinensis . Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2013, 22(5): 183-189.
[23]  Chen S P. The relationship between seed germination rate and storage time. Seed, 1989, (3): 19-22.
[24]  Mao P S, Han J G. Effects of storage treatments on seed vigor of sibiricus wildrye. Pratacultural Science, 2003, 20(4): 16-19.
[25]  Meyer S E, Stewart T E, Clement S. The quick and the deadly: growth vs virulence in a seed bank pathogen. New Phytologist, 2010, 187(1): 209-216.
[26]  Dalling J W, Davis A S, Schutte B J, et al . Seed survival in soil: interacting effects of predation, dormancy and the soil microbial community. Journal of Ecology, 2011, 99(1): 89-95.
[27]  Ruan S L, Xue Q Z. Germination characteristics of seeds under salt stress and physiological basis of salt-tolerance of seedling in hybrid rice. Chinese Journal of Rice Science, 2002, 16(3): 281-284.
[28]  Wang J H. Seeds-coating technique and its application to establishing turf. Pratacultural Science, 1997, 14(4): 54-56.
[29]  Falloon R. Fungicide seed treatment to improve establishment of ryegrasses and other forage plants. Proceedings of the 34th New Zealand Weed and Pest Control Conference[C]. Blenheim, New Zealand, 1981: 43-47.
[30]  Nan Z B. Fungicide seed treatments of sainfoin control seed-borne and rootinvading fungi. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 1995, 38(3): 413-420.
[31]  Buchenauer H. Mode of action and selectivity of fungicides which interfere with ergosterol biosynthesis. England:Proceedings 9th British Crop Protection Conference-Pests and Diseases[C]. London,British Crop Protection Council, 1977: 699-711.
[32]  Papavizas G, Lewis J. Effect of seed treatment with fungicides on bean root rots. Plant Disease Reporter, 1975, 59: 24-28.
[33]  鄢家俊, 白史且, 常丹, 等. 青藏高原老芒麦种质遗传多样性的SSR分析. 中国农学通报, 2010, 26(9): 26-33.
[34]  董景实, 张素贞. 老芒麦的研究. 中国草地学报, 1980, 2: 29-33.
[35]  陈功, 贺兰芳. 高寒地区两种老芒麦生态适应性和生产性能评价. 草业科学, 2004, 21(9): 39-42.
[36]  玉柱, 孙启忠, 邓波, 等. 老芒麦青贮研究. 中国农业科技导报, 2008, 10(1): 98-102.
[37]  顾晓燕, 郭志慧, 张新全, 等. 老芒麦种质资源遗传多样性的 SRAP 分析. 草业学报, 2014, 23(1): 205-216. 浏览
[38]  董世魁, 胡自治, 龙瑞军, 等. 高寒地区多年生禾草混播草地的群落学特征研究. 生态学杂志, 2003, 22(5): 20-25.
[39]  南志标, 刘若. 沙打旺种带真菌检测. 草业学报, 1997, 6(4): 11-16.
[40]  李春杰, 王彦荣, 朱廷恒, 等. 紫花苜蓿种子对逆境贮藏条件的反应. 应用生态学报, 2002, 13(8): 957-961.
[41]  赵丽涵, 谢关林, 李雯, 等. 种子病理学的回顾与展望. 种子, 2006, 25(2): 40-42.
[42]  李春杰, 南志标. 苜蓿种带真菌及其致病性测定. 草业学报, 2000, 9(1): 27-36.
[43]  南志标. 沙打旺种带真菌——环境, 致病力及防治. 草业学报, 1998, 7(1): 12-18.
[44]  袁庆华, 孙建华, 李琪, 等. 苏丹草和小冠花等种子带真菌检验. 甘肃畜牧兽医, 1993, 23(2): 19-21.
[45]  毛培胜, 韩建国, 吴喜才. 收获时间对老芒麦种子产量的影响. 草地学报, 2003, 11(1): 33-37.
[46]  国家标准局. 牧草种子检验规程(GB 2930-82)[S]. 北京: 技术标准出版社, 1982.
[47]  徐秀兰, 吴学宏, 张国珍, 等. 甜玉米种子携带真菌与种子活力关系分析. 中国农业科学, 2006, 39(8): 1565-1570.
[48]  魏景超. 真菌鉴定手册[M]. 上海: 上海科学技术出版社, 1979.
[49]  陆家云. 病原植物真菌学[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2001.
[50]  杨颜霞, 韩建国, 李寿田, 等. 种带真菌对结缕草种子发芽和活力的影响. 种子, 2006, 25(10): 16-19.
[51]  刘晓英, 蒲珉锴, 卞志高, 等. 贮藏时间对 “川草 1 号” 老芒麦种子发芽特性的影响. 草业与畜牧, 2012, (2): 16-18.
[52]  黄晓辉, 胡小文, 徐宗海, 等. 羊草种子休眠和萌发的激素调控研究. 草业学报, 2013, 22(5): 183-189. 浏览
[53]  陈叔平. 贮存年限与种子发芽率关系. 种子, 1989, (3): 19-22.
[54]  毛培胜, 韩建国. 贮藏处理对老芒麦种子活力的影响. 草业科学, 2003, 20(4): 16-19.
[55]  阮松林, 薛庆中. 盐胁迫条件下杂交水稻种子发芽特性和幼苗耐盐生理基础. 中国水稻科学, 2002, 16(3): 281-284.
[56]  颜宏, 赵伟, 陈文静, 等. 不同盐溶液浸种对向日葵种子萌发的影响. 种子, 2007, 26(2): 69-71.
[57]  陈林. 红豆草 ( Onobrychis viciaefolia ) 种带真菌研究[D]. 兰州:兰州大学, 2010.
[58]  张颖. 种带真菌对多年生黑麦草 ( Lolium perenne L.) 种子质量的影响[D]. 北京: 中国农业大学, 2005.
[59]  王建华. 种子包衣技术及其在草坪建植中的应用. 草业科学, 1997, 14(4): 54-56.
[60]  Yan J J, Bai S Q, Chang D, et al . Genetic diversity of wild Elymus sibiricus L. germplasm from Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in China detected by SSR Markers. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2010, 26(9): 26-33.
[61]  Dong J S, Zhang S Z. Study of Elymus sibiricus L. Chinese Journal of Grassland, 1980, 2: 29-33.
[62]  Chen G, He L F. Evaluation of ecological adaptability and productivity of two species of Elymus in alpine region. Pratacultural Science, 2004, 21(9):39-42.
[63]  Yan H, Zhao W, Chen W J, et al . Effects of different salt solutions pretreatment on the germination of Helianthus annuus . Seed, 2007, 26(2): 69-71.
[64]  Sharada R, Shetty H S. Location and transmission of Macrophomina phaseolia in black germ seeds. Indina Phytopathology, 1987, 40(2):194-196.
[65]  Chen L. Study on Seedborne Fungi of Onobrychis viciaefolia [D]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou University, 2010.
[66]  Zhang Y. Effects of Seed-borne Fungi on the Quality of Perennial Ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.) Seeds[D]. Beijing: China Agricultural University, 2005.
[67]  Agarwal V K, Sinclair J B. Principles of Seed Pathology (2nd edn)[M]. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1996.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133