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草业学报  2015 

不同栽培方式下C4牧草在沿海滩涂的生产性能评价

DOI: 10.11686/cyxb20150202, PP. 11-21

Keywords: C4牧草,栽培方式,产量,饲用品质,沿海滩涂

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Abstract:

本研究利用杂交狼尾草、高丹草和墨西哥玉米3种不同类型的C4牧草在江苏沿海滩涂进行种植,采取覆膜、起垄、覆膜+起垄等3种栽培方式,从分蘖期到开花期等不同生育期分4次进行取样,分别测定株高、单株叶面积等形态指标,及单株干重和干物质含量等产量性状,并分别测定茎、叶及全株饲用品质(可溶性碳水化合物,粗蛋白,中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、干物质体外消化率)。结果表明,覆膜、起垄、覆膜+起垄3种栽培方式均能有效增加牧草产量、改善牧草饲用品质,其中以覆膜+起垄方式改善效果最显著;杂交狼尾草和高丹草在9月3日收割能获得最优的产量和品质,墨西哥玉米则在9月24日收获饲用品质最好、产量最高。墨西哥玉米和高丹草饲草中可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量显著高于杂交狼尾草;高丹草和墨西哥玉米植株体内WSC主要集中于茎秆,且两者茎中WSC含量明显高于叶中的含量,而杂交狼尾草茎中的WSC含量稍高于叶片。本研究的结果明确了不同栽培方式下3种C4牧草生产性能的差异,为加快滩涂种草开发提供理论依据。

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