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草业学报  2010 

古尔班通古特沙漠南部植物群落β多样性及其解释

, PP. 29-37

Keywords: β多样性,方差分解,主轴邻矩法,古尔班通古特沙漠

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Abstract:

β多样性是表示植物群落物种组成变化的一个重要指示因子。本研究以古尔班通古特沙漠南部为研究区域,在67个样地植被学调查基础上,首先对研究区植物群落β多样性经向和纬向的变化进行了分析,其次利用方差分解的方法分析环境变量,土壤种子库变量及空间变量对β多样性分异的贡献率,探讨沙漠植被β多样性变化机制。结果表明,β多样性在经向上由西向东物种相似性增加,物种替代速率减弱;在纬向上自北向南物种相似性降低,物种替代速率略有升高。对β多样性分异解释方面,环境变量中的30年月平均降水量等变量在沙漠植被群落分布中起着决定性的作用,土壤变量与空间变量的解释比率则相对较低,而土壤种子库变化较土壤异质性对β多样性影响更大。主环境变量、土壤变量的效应是尺度依赖的。空间结构决定的随机过程也发挥着作用。研究还发现除环境变量(含土壤变量),土壤种子库变量及空间变量外,仍有近50%的β多样性分异未能解释,表明其他环境因子和随机过程对植被的影响也较大。

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