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草业学报  2011 

小麦/玉米/大豆和小麦/玉米/甘薯套作的氮素吸收利用及氮肥残效研究

, PP. 34-44

Keywords: 小麦/玉米/大豆,套作,氮素吸收,氮肥残效,15N稀释法

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Abstract:

采用15N土壤稀释标记法研究了“小麦/玉米/大豆”和“小麦/玉米/甘薯”(以下简称“麦/玉/豆”和“麦/玉/薯”)在不同根系分隔方式下的氮素吸收利用及氮肥残效。结果表明,不分隔与完全分隔相比,2种体系的小麦植株15N当季吸收量和回收率提高,土壤残留15N%丰度及总N含量降低;“麦/玉/豆”的玉米植株15N当季吸收量和回收率提高25.16%和25.16%,玉米土壤残留15N%丰度及总N含量提高13.89%和10.15%,“麦/玉/薯”的则分别降低15.98%,15.99%,17.37%和5.19%;大豆植株的15N当季吸收量和回收率、土壤残留15N%丰度降低,土壤总N含量提高3.03%;甘薯植株的15N当季吸收量和回收率提高,土壤残留15N%丰度和总N含量降低0.91%和4.95%。在利用前茬作物残留在土壤中的15N时,“麦/玉/豆”的小麦、玉米对残留15N的吸收量与回收率高于“麦/玉/薯”的小麦、玉米;大豆对前茬小麦、玉米残留15N的吸收量与回收率低于甘薯,对前茬大豆残留15N的吸收量与回收率高于甘薯。“麦/玉/豆”较“麦/玉/薯”更有利于作物间氮素的转移、周年氮肥的高效利用和土壤肥力保持。

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