Barbour M, Burk G, Pitts J H. Terrestrial Plant Ecology. London: The Benjamin Publishing Company, 1980: 222-233.
[12]
Zhou H K, Zhao X Q, Tang Y H, et al. Alpine grassland degradation and its control in the source regions of Yangtze and Yellow Rivers, China. Grassland Science, 2005, 51: 191-203.
[13]
Walker M. Community baseline measurements for ITEX studies. In: Molau U, Molgard P. ITEX Manual, 2nd ed. Copenhagen: Danish Polar Center, 1996: 39-41.
Coupland R T. Grassland Ecosystems of the World Ecological Studies. Springer-verlag Press, 1979.
[23]
Mittelbach G, Steiner C F, Scheiner S M, et al. What is observed relationship between species richness and productivity?. Ecology, 2001, 82: 2381-2396.
[24]
Waide R B, Willig M R, Steiner C F, et al. The relationship between primary productivity and species richness. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 1999, 30: 257-300.
[25]
Guo Q F, Berry W L. Species richness and biomass: dissection of the hump-shaped relationships. Ecology, 1998, 79: 2555-2559.
[26]
Gross K L, Willig M R, Gough L, et al. Patterns of species density and productivity at different spatial scales in herbaceous plant communities. Oikos, 2000, 89: 417-427.
[27]
Chase J M, Leibold M A. Spatial scale dictates the productivity-biodiversity relationship. Nature, 2002, 416: 427-430.
[28]
Chalcraft D R, Williams J W, Smith M D, et al. Scale dependence in the species-richness-productivity relationship: the role of species turnover. Ecology, 2004, 85: 2701-2708.
Schmid B, Hector A, Huston M, et al. The Design and Analysis of Biodiversity Experiments. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.
[31]
Kahmen A, Perner J, Buchmann N. Diversity dependent productivity in semi-natural grasslands following climate perturbations. Functional Ecology, 2005, 19: 594-601.
Baer S G, Blair J M, Collins S L, et al. Soil resources regulate productivity and diversity in newly established tall grass prairie. Ecology, 2003, 84: 724-735.
[35]
Bai Y F, Wu J G, Pan Q M, et al. Positive linear relationship between productivity and diversity: evidence from the Eurasian steppe. Journal of Applied Ecology, 2007, 44: 1023-1034.
[36]
Kreft H, Jetz W. Global patterns and determinants of vascular plant diversity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 2007, 104: 5925-5930.
[37]
朱祖祥. 土壤学. 北京: 农业出版社, 1993.
[38]
鲁如坤. 土壤-植物营养学. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 1998.
[39]
Dormaar J F, Smoliak S, Willms W D. Distribution of nitrogen fractions in grazed and ungrazed fescue grassland Ahorizons. Journal of Range Management, 1990: 43(1): 6-9.
