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草业学报  2013 

NaCl渐进胁迫对啤酒大麦幼苗生长、离子分配和光合特性的影响

DOI: 10.11686/cyxb20130614, PP. 108-116

Keywords: NaCl渐进胁迫,啤酒大麦,生长,离子含量,光合特性

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Abstract:

砂培条件下,对啤酒大麦幼苗在等量NaCl梯度(每周以17.1mmol/LNaCl递增)渐进胁迫下生长和生理的响应进行研究。结果表明,随着盐浓度的递增,啤酒大麦地上生物量、株高显著低于对照组,而根系生物量和根冠比高于对照组,低盐分、短时间盐胁迫能刺激根系生长。盐分胁迫至高浓度(≥85.5mmol/LNaCl)时,随着胁迫时间的持续,大麦幼苗生长受到抑制,地上含水量明显下降;短时间内适应低浓度盐胁迫后,一定程度上提高了啤酒大麦的净光合速率(Pn),而高浓度盐分能显著抑制大麦的净光合速率,气孔导度(Gs),胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和蒸腾作用(Tr);高浓度、长时间盐分渐进胁迫下,影响大麦光合特性的主要是非气孔因素。大麦地上部Na+和Cl-含量随介质中NaCl浓度的递增和胁迫时间的延续呈逐渐上升趋势,而根系中Na+含量呈下降趋势,Cl-含量则呈逐渐上升的趋势。处理组大麦地上部K+/Na+明显低于对照,且随着盐浓度的递增而减小,说明在盐分胁迫过程中,地上部分优先积累Na+。选择性吸收和运输K+是啤酒大麦适应渐进盐胁迫的生理生态机制。

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