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草业学报  2013 

嘉峪关市洋葱基盘腐烂病病原鉴定及药剂室内毒力测定

DOI: 10.11686/cyxb20130540, PP. 339-344

Keywords: 洋葱,基盘腐烂病,病原鉴定,杀菌剂,毒力测定

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Abstract:

为了明确嘉峪关市洋葱基盘腐烂病害的病原、致病性和优势病原种群,对4个采样区洋葱基盘腐烂病采用组织分离法进行了分离,并根据其培养性状和形态学特征进行了鉴定。结果表明,该病害的病原为尖镰孢菌、茄镰孢菌和串珠镰孢菌,其中尖镰孢菌为优势种。室内致病性测试结果表明,3种镰孢菌均可引起洋葱基盘腐烂病,其中尖镰孢菌的致病性最强,发病率和病情指数最高,分别为84.4%和65.3,极显著高于(P<0.01)其他2种菌。为筛选化学防治有效的杀菌剂,采用平皿菌丝生长抑制法在室内测定了多菌灵、百菌清、恶霉福和施菌克4种药剂对以上3种镰孢菌菌丝生长的抑制作用,结果表明,4种杀菌剂对3种镰孢菌菌丝生长均有一定的抑制作用,其中200μg/L的施菌克抑制效果最好。

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