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草业学报  2015 

不同水分和植株密度处理对牛鞭草生长及形态的影响

, PP. 39-46

Keywords: 牛鞭草,水胁迫,植株密度,生长,形态

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Abstract:

为了解常见湿地植物牛鞭草在不同水分和种植密度条件下的生长和形态响应,将4种不同密度的植株(每盆分别种植1,2,4或12株)均置于4种不同水分条件下[对照组(CK)、水淹与干旱交替组(FD)、土壤水分饱和组(LF)、全淹组(FL)],研究其生长及形态上的变化。结果表明,不同水分及密度处理显著影响牛鞭草的生长及形态特征(P<0.05)。全淹显著抑制牛鞭草的生长(P<0.05)。非全淹条件下,除高密度组外,总生物量、地上生物量和茎生物量均保持较高水平,其中在LF条件下各密度处理间无显著差异(P>0.05)。除单独个体组外,植株的节间长和主茎长均在LF条件下达到最大值。随着水分胁迫和密度的增加,根生物量、叶片数和分枝数逐渐降低。中、高密度组的相对邻体效应值随着水分胁迫的增加而增加,植株间竞争作用逐渐减弱,但未转变为促进作用。牛鞭草在不同的水环境中可以采取不同的策略以应对,适宜在水分多变地区大量种植,在易出现深水淹地区,牛鞭草以高密度种植为佳,在浅水淹或水陆交汇处,建议以中密度方式种植。

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