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植物保护学报 2011

茶皂素、生石灰等防治稻田福寿螺的效果评估

, PP. 363-368

王志高,谭济才,刘军,王卫国

Keywords: 福寿螺,茶皂素,茶麸,生石灰,防治效果

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Abstract:

福寿螺已成为我国南方局部稻区严重危害水稻的有害生物,为解决常用的化学杀螺剂污染环境和农产品的问题,分别在室内和大田环境下研究了生石灰、碳酸氢铵、茶麸和茶皂素4种替代物质防治福寿螺的效果。茶皂素、茶麸和生石灰对稻田福寿螺有很好的防治作用。在室内试验中40mg/L和50mg/L茶皂素处理在48h即达到了100%的防效;在大田试验中茶皂素6.0g/m2的处理在第4天、1.5g/m2的处理在第16天均达到了100%的防治效果,且速效性和持效性也显著优于其它物质。30g/m2和45g/m2的茶麸处理以及45g/m2的生石灰处理在大田试验第16天的防治效果也在80%以上。这3种物质对稻田稗草还有很好的抑制作用。碳酸氢铵对福寿螺防治效果较差,且能促进稻田稗草的发生。研究结果表明,茶皂素、茶麸和生石灰可作为化学杀螺剂的替代物质在大田中推广应用。

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