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栗苞蚜的生活习性及其防治对策

, PP. 692-698

Keywords: 栗苞蚜,生活习性,防治对策,自然天敌

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Abstract:

为了对栗苞蚜MoritziellacastaneivoraMiyazaki进行有效监控,控制其蔓延及制定合理的防治策略,通过林间调查及室内观察研究栗苞蚜对日本栗的为害、主要生活习性和天敌对其捕食行为。结果表明,栗苞蚜对银寄和筑波为害炸苞率分别达(7.4±6.0)%和(8.6±5.5)%;4龄若蚜的耐饥力强于成蚜,二者离开寄主20h后可分别存活50%和13%,且1龄若蚜迁移力明显强于成蚜;栗苞蚜卵在20:00的孵化率明显高于8:00和14:00。龟纹瓢虫、黑襟毛瓢虫、七星瓢虫和草蛉对栗苞蚜卵具有较强的捕食能力,龟纹瓢虫平均捕食栗苞蚜卵量约为43粒/h,平均取食1个卵为10.1s,搜寻速率为8.5粒/min。此外,研究表明初春施用石硫合剂可有效减少虫口基数,防止当年栗苞蚜大发生。

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