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向日葵筒状小花和瘦果性状与欧洲葵螟寄主选择的关系

, PP. 298-304

Keywords: 欧洲葵螟,物理机制,管状小花,瘦果,寄主选择

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Abstract:

为明确欧洲葵螟HomoeosomanebulellumDenisetSchiffermüller寄主选择的物理机制,通过对14个向日葵品种(系)筒状小花及瘦果的形态指标观察,采用籽粒被害虫情指数进行田间寄主选择性试验,研究了向日葵的形态性状和欧洲葵螟寄主选择的关系。欧洲葵螟对不同向日葵品种(系)具有明显的选择性,且对食葵品种(系)的选择性均显著高于油葵品种(系)。食葵瘦果多为中长或长形(≥1.5cm),油葵瘦果则属于短或特短形(<1.5cm)。向日葵各形态指标在不同品种(系)间均存在极显著差异,食葵的花盘直径、筒状小花开口、子房壁厚度、瘦果果壁厚度、瘦果果壁茸毛密度均大于油葵,且各指标与籽粒被害虫情指数之间、各指标互相之间也均呈显著正相关关系。表明选育较小花盘的向日葵品种(系)可减少葵螟对向日葵的为害。

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