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温度对东亚小花蝽捕食美洲棘蓟马的影响

, PP. 229-236

Keywords: 东亚小花蝽,美洲棘蓟马,捕食,功能反应,模型

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Abstract:

为明确不同温度下东亚小花蝽Oriussauteri雌成虫对美洲棘蓟马Echinothripsamericanus雌成虫捕食能力的影响,利用HollingⅡ、HollingⅢ及Flinn's三种模型研究了辣椒上天敌捕食量、猎物密度和环境温度三者间的关系,并推测了该功能反应和搜索效应的相关参数。结果表明:在16、19、22、25、28、31和34℃各温度条件下,东亚小花蝽雌成虫捕食量随猎物密度增加而增大,且差异显著,寻找效应随之降低。HollingⅡ与HollingⅢ模型均适合拟合不同温度下东亚小花蝽雌成虫的捕食功能反应,且HollingⅡ模型较HollingⅢ模型拟合度更好。在HollingⅡ模型拟合条件下,东亚小花蝽22℃时瞬时攻击率最高,为1.132,34℃时处理单头猎物时间最短,为0.007d。在HollingⅢ模型拟合条件下,19℃时最佳寻找密度最低,为10.31头,34℃时单日最大捕食量最大,为52.67头。由双因素变量Flinn's模型拟合得到的东亚小花蝽雌成虫平均瞬时攻击率为4.314,并且在34℃、初始猎物密度45头下,东亚小花蝽雌成虫能发挥最大捕食潜能。表明东亚小花蝽为美洲棘蓟马的有效天敌。

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