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山东省棉田杂草种类及其群落结构

, PP. 103-108

Keywords: 棉花,杂草种类,群落结构,物种多样性,聚类分析

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Abstract:

为明确山东省棉田杂草发生、危害情况,采用倒置“W”取样法对山东省主要棉区杂草种类及其群落结构进行了调查,并进行物种多样性分析。结果表明:山东省棉田杂草68种,隶属于24科、49属,其中优势杂草4种,区域优势杂草10种,常见杂草17种,一般杂草37种。牛筋草Eleusineindica、马齿苋Portulacaoleracea、马唐Digitariasanguinalis、铁苋菜Acalyphaaustralis是构成不同棉区杂草群落的优势杂草。鲁西南棉区物种丰富度、多样性均高于其它棉区,但辛普森指数和均匀度指数低于鲁西北棉区。从相似性指数和聚类分析结果可以看出,山东省4个主要棉区可归为两大类,其中鲁北和鲁东北棉区的杂草群落结构最为相似,相似性指数高达0.833;鲁西南和鲁西北棉区归为另一类,相似性指数仅为0.637。

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