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重金属铅胁迫对人参光合特征与皂苷含量的影响

Keywords: ,人参,净光合速率,SPAD,皂苷

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Abstract:

为阐明Pb胁迫对人参光合作用与次生代谢产物的影响,探讨药用植物对重金属胁迫的响应机制,采用筒栽试验方法,对不同浓度铅(Pb)处理(0,100,250,500,1000mg·kg-1)下人参的光合特征参数与皂苷含量进行了测定与分析。结果表明,低浓度Pb处理(≤250mg·kg-1)时,人参叶片净光合速率和SPAD的变化并不显著,当Pb质量分数达到500mg·kg-1时,叶片净光合速率和SPAD均显著下降(P<0.05),当Pb质量分数为1000mg·kg-1时,二者达到最低,降低幅度分别为57.8%,11.0%。从人参根部总皂苷含量来看,Pb胁迫浓度为100mg·kg-1时,总皂苷含量的变化并不显著,而当Pb质量分数达到250mg·kg-1时,总皂苷含量显著增加(P<0.05),并在Pb质量分数为1000mg·kg-1时,达到最高。在Pb质量分数为0~1000mg·kg-1时,Pb浓度与叶片净光合速率和SPAD均呈现极显著的负线性相关(P<0.01),而与人参总皂苷含量呈现出显著的正线性相关关系(P<0.05)。由此说明,人参叶片光合作用与根部次生代谢对Pb胁迫的响应规律是反向的,高浓度Pb胁迫将抑制人参叶片的光合能力,但能够促进人参根部的次生代谢过程。

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