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小蜡树化学成分的研究

Keywords: 木樨科,小蜡树,化学成分

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Abstract:

运用正相和反相硅胶柱色谱、大孔吸附树脂色谱、凝胶柱色谱、反相高效液相色谱等分离和纯化方法,从小蜡树乙醇提取物中共分离得到115个化合物。应用MS,一维和二维NMR等波谱方法鉴定了它们的结构,化合物类型涉及二萜、倍半萜、三萜、香豆素、木脂素、脂肪酸衍生物和简单芳香类等,其中新化合物41个。已对41个新化合物、8个香豆素、4个酚苷和12个苯乙醇苷进行了报道。该文报道余下50个已知化合物的分离和结构鉴定,其中包括6个松香烷二萜:8-羟基-12-羰基-松香烷-9(11),13-二烯-20-酸8,20-内酯(1),6,12-二羟基-松香烷-8,11,13-三烯(2),(+)-花柏酸(3),(+)-12-羟基-松香烷-20-醛基-8,11,13-三烯(4),(+)-7-羰基-松香烷-8,11,13-三烯(5)和1,11,12-三羰基-20-降松香烷-5(10),6,8,13-四烯(6);1个倍半萜和3个降倍半萜:牛尾蒿酮(7),(3R,9R)-3-羟基-7,8-二氢-β-紫罗兰酮9-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(8),(3R,9S)-3-羟基-7,8-二氢-β-紫罗兰酮9-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(9)和(3R,9R)-3-羟基-7,8-二氢-β-紫罗兰酮9-O-β-D-芹糖基(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(10);3个三萜:乌苏酸(11),白桦脂酸(12)和野鸦椿酸(13);16个木脂素:(+)-丁香脂酚(14),(+)-秦皮树脂醇(15),(+)-1-羟基丁香脂酚(16),松脂醇(17),5'-甲氧基松脂素(18),8-乙酰基松脂素(19),表松脂醇(20),(-)-橄榄树脂素(21),3,3'-二甲氧基-4,4',9-三羟基-7,9'-环氧木脂素-7'-酮(22),(+)-环橄榄树脂素(23),(+)-1-羟基丁香脂酚4'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(24),(+)-1-羟基丁香脂酚4″-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(25),(+)-丁香脂酚O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(26),丁香脂酚双葡萄糖苷(27),(E)-3-{4-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-3-[2-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-1-(羟甲基)乙基]-5-甲氧基苯基}-2-丙烯醛(28)和(E)-3-{4-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-3-[2-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-1-(羟甲基)乙基]-5-甲氧基苯基}-2-丙烯醇(29);15个简单芳香类化合物:(-)-(7R,8R)-苏式-1-C-丁香基丙三醇(30),(-)-(7R,8S)-赤式-愈创木基丙三醇(31),(-)-(7R,8R)-苏式-愈创木基丙三醇(32),3-(4-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-3-甲氧基)-苯基-2E-丙烯醇(33),2,3-二羟基-1-(4-羟基-3,5-二甲氧基苯基)-1-丙酮(34),2,3-二羟基-1-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-1-丙酮(35),3-羟基-1-(4-羟基-3,5-二甲氧基苯基)-1-丙酮(36),3-羟基-1-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-1-丙酮(37),芥子醛(38),反式对羟基桂皮醛(39),丁香酸(40),香草酸(41),香草醛(42)和对羟基苯甲醛(43);3个甾体:(24R)-24-乙基-5α-胆甾烷-3β,5,6β-三醇(44),β-谷甾醇(45)和胡萝卜苷(46);4个其他类化合物:2,6-二甲氧基-1,4-苯醌(47),2,6-二甲氧基-吡喃-4-酮(48),1-(β-D-呋喃核糖基)尿嘧啶(49)和甘露醇(50)。化合物1~7,12,18,28~37,44和48均为首次从该属中分离得到。

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