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基于投入-产出模型的灾后经济非均衡与路径恢复研究

, PP. 121-128

Keywords: 投入-产出(IO)模型,经济非均衡,路径恢复,汶川地震

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Abstract:

?由于现有的投入-产出(IO)模型不能很好地模拟灾后经济出现的非均衡状态,因此在开放的IO模型(x=Ax+f)中引入劳动力市场(L=lx)并重建封闭模型(x=M·x),可以更好地通过经济系统内部劳动力与最终需求和总产出之间的内在联系,反映灾后经济循环流网络的非均衡状态,为恢复重建建立起点。本文在前人的研究基础上,完善了封闭IO模型中真实工资F矩阵的计算方法;通过在IO模型中引入灾害损失系数模拟灾后经济的非均衡状态,并以情境分析的方法寻找灾后可能的恢复路径;接着以2007年四川省投入-产出表计算2008年汶川地震造成的产出损失并模拟了可能的恢复路径,验证了模型的有效性。研究结果表明,该模型可以为政府在发生大灾后迅速找到恢复"瓶颈"、做出科学重建决策提供理论依据。

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