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基于加速度严重指数的公路路侧危险度评估

, PP. 143-149

Keywords: 交通工程,路侧危险度,汽车碰撞仿真,加速度严重指数,最优分割算法,交通安全

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Abstract:

?为了定量评估二、三级公路路侧危险程度,以确定路侧护栏防护等级,并为制定安全改善方案提供依据,提出了一种基于乘员风险的路侧危险分级新方法,乘员风险指标采用加速度严重指数(AccelerationSeverityIndex,ASI)表征;利用软件VPG3.2和LS-DYNA971,选择5类典型路侧障碍物、2类护栏和15种路堤边坡组合,针对小客车、大客车和大货车开展了59组碰撞仿真试验,获取碰撞过程中车辆重心纵向、横向和竖向的加、减速度曲线,进而得到ASI序列样本;采用Fisher最优分割算法确定了路侧危险度合理分级数和各级所对应的ASI阈值。结果表明:5类路侧障碍物中,F形混凝土护栏端部对车辆和人员伤害最严重,其他依次为树木、突出山石、标志立柱和路侧边沟;当路堤边坡高度超过4m且坡率陡于1∶1时,车辆坠入边坡的损伤严重度将超过碰撞二波波形梁护栏,与碰撞F形混凝土护栏相当。

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