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基于能量的蛇形机器人蜿蜒运动控制方法的仿真与实验研究

DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1004.2011.00604, PP. 604-614

Keywords: 蛇形机器人,蜿蜒运动,能量,适应性,运动测量系统

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Abstract:

?能量作为最基本的物理量之一,联系着蛇形机器人蜿蜒运动的各个方面.能量耗散描述了环境交互作用,能量转换对应着运动的动力学过程,能量平衡反映了蜿蜒运动的协调性.提出一种基于能量的蛇形机器人蜿蜒运动控制方法-被动蜿蜒.通过输出关节力矩控制机器人蜿蜒运动,由机器人的能量状态调整力矩的大小.仿真结果显示了被动蜿蜒控制下机器人的构形、角度、力矩、能量状态和转弯特性,并对控制力矩进行了递归分析.基于Optotrak运动测量系统构建了被动蜿蜒控制的模拟/物理混合实验系统.进行了移动实验和拖动实验,前者改变环境的摩擦特性,后者改变机器人的负载.仿真和实验验证了蛇形机器人被动蜿蜒控制的有效性和适应性.

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