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自动化学报 2005
水印鲁棒性:纠错编码有效吗?, PP. 683-692 Keywords: Digitalwatermarking,errorcorrectingcoding(ECC),robustness,binarysymmetricchannel(BSC) Abstract: ？Robustnessisoneofthemostimportantrequirementsofdigitalwatermarkingformanyapplications.Spread-spectrumbasedmethodsarenoteffectiveenoughtoensuretheirrobustness.Bymodelingdigitalwatermarkingasdigitalcommunications,severalresearchersproposedusingerrorcorrectingcoding(ECC)toimproverobustness.However,animportantfactthathaslongbeenneglectedisthatduetotheimperceptibilityrequirement,theredundancyintroducedbyECCwillleadtoadecreaseofthemagnitudeofwatermarksignal.Therefore,aproblemarisesnaturally:CouldtheusageofECCeffectivelyimprovetherobustnessofwatermarking?Thispaperaddressesthisproblemfromtheperspectivesofboththeoreticalanalysisandexperimentalinvestigation.OurinvestigationshowsthatECCcannoteffectivelyimprovetherobustnessofwatermarkingagainstagreatmajorityofvariousattacksexceptforcroppingandjitterattacks.Hence,ECCshouldnotbeconsideredasauniversalmeasurethatcanbeemployedtoenhancerobustnessofwatermarking.
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