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城市生活垃圾焚烧中NaCl迁移转化的实验和热力学平衡分析

DOI: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.2014.02.009, PP. 272-278

Keywords: 城市生活垃圾焚烧,NaCl,迁移分布,化学形态,热力学平衡计算

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Abstract:

为研究垃圾焚烧过程中NaCl的迁移和转化,在管式炉中进行了模拟垃圾焚烧实验,结合扫描电镜-能谱分析(SEM-EDS)和热力学平衡模拟计算,分析了温度、停留时间、烟气中的水分和S等对氯化钠迁移转化的影响。研究结果表明,温度升高能促进NaCl蒸发和分解,从而增加氯在飞灰和烟气中的分布。在1000℃时焚烧12min后NaCl的迁移分布趋于稳定。SEM-EDS结果显示,800℃时NaCl以不规则的形态聚集在底渣基体表面;而1000℃时氯在底渣中扩散均匀,形成了半球状位错结构,飞灰中的氯为亚微米精细结构。热力学平衡计算表明,酸性氧化物Al2O3、SiO2与Na有很强的亲和力,能促进NaCl氧化分解生成HCl。烟气中的水分对Cl的迁移没有显著影响,水解的反应不易发生。烟气中的SO2和SO3能与NaCl反应生成Na2SO4促进其分解,且随温度降低促进效果越明显。

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