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换电模式下电动汽车电池充电负荷建模与有序充电研究

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Keywords: 电动汽车,电池换电模式,电池配送,库存管理,有序充电

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Abstract:

为了建立换电模式下电动汽车电池充电负荷及优化模型,对2种电动汽车换电模式即充换电模式和集中充电统一配送模式的结构、运营流程进行了分析。在满足用户换电需求的约束下,基于分时电价机制,提出考虑2种换电方式的以总充电费用最小为目标的第1阶段优化模型。第2阶段优化以第1阶段求取的最小充电费用为总充电费用的上限,以日负荷曲线波动最小为目标。以中国2020年充电负荷为例进行计算,对不同类型电动汽车采用不同的换电方式,并将换电模式与充电模式的充电负荷进行比较。计算结果表明,换电模式下无序充电情景峰荷较充电模式时增加较小,有序充电情景电网峰荷将不会增加,所提出的换电模式下有序充电模型能够有效减少充电费用及日负荷曲线波动。

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