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燃煤发电技术发展展望

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Keywords: 燃煤发电,高参数超超临界机组(USC),整体煤气化联合循环(IGCC),循环流化床(CFB),污染物控制

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Abstract:

未来相当长一段时间燃煤发电仍是我国最重要的发电方式,资源、环境和气候变化对燃煤发电的可持续发展带来了严峻的挑战。大型高参数机组具有发电效率高,污染控制和技术推广容易,经济性和可靠性高等特点,是未来一段时间煤电技术发展的主流方向;大型IGCC发电技术系统复杂、造价昂贵,但其在高效和环保等领域具有巨大潜力,是煤电领域值得探索的方向;循环流化床锅炉是一种能使用劣质煤种的清洁燃烧技术,是未来我国燃煤发电技术重要的补充;在新的环保标准下,烟气除尘、脱硫、脱硝以及脱汞等技术需要新的发展,以适应更为严格的标准;燃煤电厂CCUS技术是未来大规模减排CO2重要的技术选择之一,但是能耗高和长期安全封存的难测性是该技术面临的两个最大挑战。

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